The main pathway for the degradation of fructose in the liver is via glycolysis. Before it can enter glycolysis, however, fructose has to unergo a series of enzymatic catalysis reactions, comprising a major part of fructose metabolism pathway. Galactose is also metabolized in the liver. The entry of galactose into glycolysis is mediated by an epimerization reaction of galactose 1-phosphate. free text=Biochemiscal Pathways - An Atlas of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Edited by Gerhard Michal free text=Biochemistry by Voet and Voet free text=Color Atlas of Biochemistry by Jan Koolman and Klaus-Heinrich Rohm 4.0 SQUARE inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive inactive Glycolysis Long Name: Glucose Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03658 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glucose Long Name: Glucose 6-phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03660 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glucose 6-phosphate Long Name: ATP Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03651 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE ATP Long Name: Fructose 6-phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03664 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Fructose 6-phosphate Long Name: Fructose 1,6-phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03646 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Fructose 1,6-phosphate Long Name: Glyceraldehyde 3-P Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03645 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glyceraldehyde 3-P Long Name: Pyruvate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03649 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Pyruvate Long Name: Sorbitol Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03662 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Sorbitol Long Name: Fructose Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03657 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Fructose Long Name: Fructose 1-Phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03659 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Fructose 1-Phosphate Long Name: Glyceraldehyde Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03663 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glyceraldehyde Long Name: Glycerol Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03655 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glycerol Long Name: Hexokinase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02966 inside PROTEIN p26 Long Name: Ketohexokinase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02963 inside PROTEIN p27 Long Name: Fructose bisphosphate aldolase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02959 inside PROTEIN p28 Long Name: Aldehyde reductase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02961 inside PROTEIN p29 Long Name: Dihydroxyacetone 3-P Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03654 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Dihydroxyacetone 3-P Long Name: NADH + H+ Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03644 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE NADH + H_super_+ Long Name: NAD+ Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03648 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE NAD_super_+ Long Name: Triokinase Synonym: Triose kinase Accession: P02962 inside PROTEIN p30 Long Name: ADP Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03661 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE ADP Long Name: Galactose Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03647 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Galactose Long Name: Galactose 1-phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03650 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Galactose 1-phosphate Long Name: Glucose 1-phosphate Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03653 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE Glucose 1-phosphate Long Name: UDP Galactose Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03652 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE UDP Galactose Long Name: UDP Glucose Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: S03656 inside SIMPLE_MOLECULE UDP Glucose Long Name: Galactokinase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02960 inside PROTEIN p31 Long Name: Hexose 1-P uridyltransferase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02964 inside PROTEIN p33 Long Name: UDP Glucose 4 epimerase Synonym: Synonym not specified Accession: P02965 inside PROTEIN p34 STATE_TRANSITION 0.33333333333333337,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.6666666666666669,0.0 a3 a3 a2 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.6666666666666672,-8.881784197001252E-16 a2 a4 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,8.881784197001252E-16 0.6666666666666679,0.0 a4 a79 TRUNCATION 0.3333333333333339,0.0 0.666666666666667,1.7763568394002505E-15 0.3333333333333339,-8.881784197001252E-16 0.39870630373218363,-0.005416799827658636 0.3333333333333348,-2.220446049250313E-16 0.6666666666666661,2.220446049250313E-16 0.3019018919749141,0.3296855800034484 a79 a80 a81 KNOWN_TRANSITION_OMITTED 0.3333333333333339,-8.881784197001252E-16 0.6666666666666679,-8.881784197001252E-16 a81 a82 STATE_TRANSITION 0.33333333333333326,0.0 0.6666666666666667,0.0 a83 a84 a88 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,0.0 0.666666666666667,0.0 a84 a78 a85 a96 a89 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.666666666666667,0.0 a87 a42 a86 a92 a91 TRUNCATION 0.3333333333333339,-1.3322676295501878E-15 0.6666666666666661,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.33333333333333426,0.0 0.6666666666666671,0.0 0.42048255643191224,-0.010612165054501688 0.5675010850398826,-0.010358910425528167 0.3199796722323933,0.1864699956774275 a85 a87 a80 a90 STATE_TRANSITION 0.27233590482570136,0.002210386769126438 0.4053507292287386,0.006745676392715505 a87 a94 a81 a95 a93 STATE_TRANSITION 0.33333333333333337,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.6666666666666669,0.0 a97 a97 a100 a98 a101 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,-4.440892098500626E-16 0.6666666666666672,-8.881784197001252E-16 a98 a99 a105 STATE_TRANSITION 0.3333333333333335,-2.7755575615628914E-15 0.6666666666666665,-5.773159728050814E-15 a99 a2 STATE_TRANSITION 0.17098680040783698,-0.05039421014697698 0.38939255779505366,-0.07097334842869074 a102 a103 a105 STATE_TRANSITION 0.2332500756653939,-0.02493081476876924 0.7413168809965054,-0.10634361117794988 a103 a102 a106